UPSC topic : Land degredation and desertification in India

🔘Land degradation and Desertification in India 

◾️Land degradation is decline in productivity of land in  terms of biodiversity and economy, resulting from various  causes including natural processes, climate, and human  dominance, leading to loss of ecosystem.  
▪️The term desertification is subset of land degradation  and referred as land degradation occurring in dryland  regions (arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid regions).  

▪️Around 69% of India falls under drylands. 

◾️ Around 98 million hectares (30%) of India’s total  geographical area (TGA) of 328.7 mha underwent land  
degradation during 2018-19. 

▪️ Around 23.79% (2018-19) of the area undergoing  desertification/land degradation with respect to TGA  of the country is contributed by Rajasthan,  Maharashtra, Gujarat, Karnataka, Ladakh UT,  Jharkhand, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, and Telangana  (in descending order).  

▪️All other remaining states are contributing less than 1%  
(individually) with respect to country TGA.

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